Today, in all common law jurisdictions, standing mute is treated by the courts as equivalent to a plea of not guilty.
Mixtures containing both these drugs, as well as those containing extracts of mandrake and datura, which would have had similar effects, were administered to suspected witches prior to torture.
Having been taken to the place of execution in a cart with her hands firmly tied in front of her she was lifted over the executioner's shoulder and carried up a ladder against the stake to be sat astride the saddle.
He was then hanged from a gallows 50 ft 15 m high, but cut down before he could choke to death.
This adds up to about 163,000 students who are physically punished in school each year, according to recent data.
Day and night I was deeply troubled, but at last there came to me a new idea.
The last guillotining in France was that of torture-murderer Hamida Djandoubi on September 10, 1977.
Damiens made no attempt to escape, and was apprehended at once.